Working Principle and Applications of Vacuum Tube Furnace

Introduction:

A vacuum tube furnace is a gas-free electric heating industrial furnace primarily composed of a vacuum furnace body, heating elements, current supply, temperature measurement, and control systems. It utilizes electric heating to raise the temperature of materials inside the furnace under vacuum conditions for heating and processing. Vacuum tube furnaces are widely used in fields such as powder metallurgy, raw material processing, optical glass, and new electronic materials.

Working Principle:

The basic principle of a vacuum tube furnace is to maintain the furnace body in a vacuum state while using electric heating to heat and process materials inside. The working principle can be summarized in three steps:

1.Vacuum Maintenance: First, the furnace body is kept in a vacuum state.

2. Heating Elements Activation: The heating elements are heated to generate heat.

3. Material Processing: The materials to be processed are placed in the vicinity of the heating elements, and the furnace is then heated to the desired temperature for processing.

The ability of a vacuum tube furnace to perform vacuum processing effectively prevents oxidation under vacuum conditions. Typically, the vacuum level ranges from 10^-3 Pa to 10^-5 Pa. Additionally, heating under vacuum can lower processing temperatures while improving efficiency and quality.

Applications:

Vacuum tube furnaces are widely used in new material manufacturing, powder metallurgy, and feed processing. Specific applications include:

1. Gemstone Processing: Vacuum tube furnaces play an essential role in gemstone processing; for instance, they can facilitate the cutting of hard diamonds by reducing polishing difficulty.

2. Steel Heat Treatment: In industrial production, vacuum tube furnaces are used for annealing and solution treatment of steel, enhancing its corrosion resistance and strength.

3. Electronic Material Manufacturing: They are utilized for melting and annealing optoelectronic materials such as B203 and P205 crystals.

4. Powder Metallurgy: Used for annealing powders, where a vacuum environment prevents oxidation, thus improving powder quality.

Conclusion:

The vacuum tube furnace is a widely used heat treatment device whose working principle is based on vacuum conditions and electric heating. It finds applications in new materials, gemstone processing, powder metallurgy, and electronic material manufacturing. As technology advances, the application range of vacuum tube furnaces in modern industries will continue to expand.